##### Torques and Forces on Magnetic Dipoles
emsm.msm.m.fdi

Torque on magnetic dipole:

- Gr (6.1)

\[ {\bf N} = {\bf m} \times {\bf B} \tag{NmB}\label{NmB} \]

Tends to align magnetic dipoles with field. Accounts for paramagnetism. Exact for extended dipole in uniform field, or for point dipole in non-uniform field. Similar to electric analogue, di_N, \({\bf N} = {\bf p} \times {\bf E}\).

In a non-uniform field:

- Gr (6.3)

\[ {\bf F} = {\boldsymbol \nabla} ({\bf m} \cdot {\bf B}) \tag{FgradmB}\label{FgradmB} \]

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Author: Jean-Sébastien Caux

Created: 2022-03-24 Thu 08:42