Update 2022-03-22 10:53

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Jean-Sébastien
2022-03-22 10:53:22 +01:00
parent f8fdc5f8b4
commit 2d1d8d39a4
209 changed files with 1240 additions and 1226 deletions
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- 2022-03-15 Tue 08:10 -->
<!-- 2022-03-22 Tue 10:52 -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>Pre-Quantum Electrodynamics</title>
@@ -1620,14 +1620,14 @@ field is independent of the path, and that it is proportional to the test charge
We can thus define a function representing the work per unit charge and
called the <b>electrostatic potential</b>
</p>
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</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgab3c157">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgfc6116b">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Gr (2.21)</li>
</ul>
@@ -1643,7 +1643,7 @@ called the <b>electrostatic potential</b>
\]
</p>
<aside id="orgc523465">
<aside id="org5587716">
<p>
\(\phi\) carries as unit: Newton-meters per coulomb or joules per coulomb, which is called a <b>volt</b>.
In the SI system where the ampere is a base unit, a volt is a \(kg m^2/s^3 A\).
@@ -1660,14 +1660,14 @@ want; it's energy <i>differences</i> which matter).
The potential difference between two arbitrary points \({\bf a}\) and \({\bf b}\) is
well-defined without the need to specify the reference point,
</p>
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<a id="p_diff"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_diff"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
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</svg></a>
</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org21f750c">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org026dcd6">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Gr (2.21)</li>
</ul>
@@ -1675,7 +1675,7 @@ well-defined without the need to specify the reference point,
</div>
</div>
<div class="main div" id="orgfcd367f">
<div class="main div" id="orgf050485">
<p>
\[
\phi({\bf b}) - \phi({\bf a}) = - \int_{\bf a}^{\bf b} {\bf E} \cdot d{\bf l}
@@ -1692,14 +1692,14 @@ The reference point is typically put at infinity. The electrostatic potential c
point charge \(q\) at the origin can then be calculated (taking for convenience \(d{\bf l} = \hat{\bf r} dr\),
<i>i.e.</i> moving in purely radially) as
</p>
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<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
</svg></a>
</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org35b2cdc">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org83e9a3a">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>FLS II (4.20,4.23)</li>
<li>Gr (2.26)</li>
@@ -1722,14 +1722,14 @@ point charge \(q\) at the origin can then be calculated (taking for convenience
The electrostatic potential moreover inherits the superposition principle from the electric field,
so for a distribution of point charges \(q_i\) at positions \({\bf r}_i\), we have
</p>
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</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org89071e0">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgd4b75d4">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>FLS II (4.24)</li>
<li>Gr (2.27)</li>
@@ -1739,7 +1739,7 @@ so for a distribution of point charges \(q_i\) at positions \({\bf r}_i\), we ha
</div>
</div>
<div class="core div" id="org4ac5fc6">
<div class="core div" id="org0feaada">
<p>
</p>
@@ -1755,14 +1755,14 @@ so for a distribution of point charges \(q_i\) at positions \({\bf r}_i\), we ha
<p>
For a continuous charge density in a volume \({\cal V}\), we have
</p>
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<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
</svg></a>
</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org8fb75e5">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org89a4a17">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Gr (2.29)</li>
<li>PM (2.18)</li>
@@ -1771,7 +1771,7 @@ For a continuous charge density in a volume \({\cal V}\), we have
</div>
</div>
<div class="main div" id="org0561934">
<div class="main div" id="orgce6daed">
<p>
</p>
@@ -1788,14 +1788,14 @@ For a continuous charge density in a volume \({\cal V}\), we have
<p>
whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
</p>
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</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org488ec6b">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org5fbbe53">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Gr (2.30)b</li>
</ul>
@@ -1803,7 +1803,7 @@ whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
</div>
</div>
<div class="main div" id="org21be33b">
<div class="main div" id="org7d0d5f8">
<p>
\[
\phi({\bf r}) = \frac{1}{4\pi \varepsilon_0} \int_{\cal S} da' \frac{\sigma({\bf r}')}{|{\bf r} - {\bf r}'|}
@@ -1813,14 +1813,14 @@ whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
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<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
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</p>
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgc67dd5f">
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgfd9b5c6">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Gr (2.30)a</li>
</ul>
@@ -1828,7 +1828,7 @@ whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
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@@ -1861,7 +1861,7 @@ target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.
</div>
<div id="postamble" class="status">
<p class="author">Author: Jean-Sébastien Caux</p>
<p class="date">Created: 2022-03-15 Tue 08:10</p>
<p class="date">Created: 2022-03-22 Tue 10:52</p>
<p class="validation"></p>
</div>