Update 2022-03-07 20:40
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<!-- 2022-03-02 Wed 15:45 -->
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<!-- 2022-03-07 Mon 20:38 -->
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<title>Pre-Quantum Electrodynamics</title>
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@@ -1098,14 +1098,6 @@ Table of contents
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<li>
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<a href="./emdm_emwm_refl_oi.html#emdm_emwm_refl_oi">Oblique Incidence</a><span class="headline-id">emdm.emwm.refl.oi</span>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="./emdm_emwm_refl_Fe.html#emdm_emwm_refl_Fe">Fresnel's Equations</a><span class="headline-id">emdm.emwm.refl.Fe</span>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="./emdm_emwm_refl_Ba.html#emdm_emwm_refl_Ba">Brewster's Angle</a><span class="headline-id">emdm.emwm.refl.Ba</span>
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</li>
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</ul>
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@@ -1628,13 +1620,13 @@ We now consider EM waves inside a bulk conductor and will consider nonvanishing
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\]
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which means that the Maxwell equations reduce to
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</p>
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\begin{align}
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\begin{align*}
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{\boldsymbol \nabla} \cdot {\boldsymbol E} &= \frac{\rho_f}{\varepsilon},
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\hspace{10mm} &
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{\boldsymbol \nabla} \cdot {\boldsymbol B} &= 0, \nonumber\\
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{\boldsymbol \nabla} \times {\boldsymbol E} &= -\frac{\partial {\boldsymbol B}}{\partial t} &
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{\boldsymbol \nabla} \times {\boldsymbol B} &= \mu \sigma {\boldsymbol E} + \mu \varepsilon \frac{\partial {\boldsymbol E}}{\partial t}.
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\end{align}
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\end{align*}
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<p>
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Putting together the continuity equation for free charge
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\[
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@@ -1660,7 +1652,7 @@ After the free charge has dissipated, we have
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{\boldsymbol \nabla} \times {\boldsymbol B} &= \mu \sigma {\boldsymbol E} + \mu \varepsilon \frac{\partial {\boldsymbol E}}{\partial t}
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\end{align}
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<p>
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Applying ${\boldsymbol ∇} × $ to the curl equations gives the modified wave equations
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Applying \({\boldsymbol \nabla} \times\) to the curl equations gives the modified wave equations
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\[
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{\boldsymbol \nabla}^2 {\boldsymbol E} = \mu \varepsilon \frac{\partial^2 {\boldsymbol E}}{\partial t^2} + \mu \sigma \frac{\partial {\boldsymbol E}}{\partial t}, \hspace{10mm}
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{\boldsymbol \nabla}^2 {\boldsymbol B} = \mu \varepsilon \frac{\partial^2 {\boldsymbol B}}{\partial t^2} + \mu \sigma \frac{\partial {\boldsymbol B}}{\partial t}
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@@ -1684,7 +1676,7 @@ The wave can thus be written (letting \(\hat{\boldsymbol k}\) represent the dire
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{\boldsymbol E} ({\boldsymbol r}, t) = {\boldsymbol E}_0 e^{-{\boldsymbol \kappa} \cdot {\boldsymbol r}} e^{i ({\boldsymbol k} \cdot {\boldsymbol r} - \omega t)}
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\]
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with a similar solution for \({\boldsymbol B}\).
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The quantity \(d = \frac{1}{\kappa}\) is known as the {\bf skin depth}.
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The quantity \(d = \frac{1}{\kappa}\) is known as the <b>skin depth</b>.
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</p>
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<p>
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@@ -1741,7 +1733,7 @@ target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.
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</div>
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<div id="postamble" class="status">
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<p class="author">Author: Jean-Sébastien Caux</p>
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<p class="date">Created: 2022-03-02 Wed 15:45</p>
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<p class="date">Created: 2022-03-07 Mon 20:38</p>
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<p class="validation"></p>
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</div>
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