Update 2022-02-17 08:44
This commit is contained in:
+22
-22
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||
<html lang="en">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<!-- 2022-02-15 Tue 10:14 -->
|
||||
<!-- 2022-02-17 Thu 08:42 -->
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
|
||||
<title>Pre-Quantum Electrodynamics</title>
|
||||
@@ -1604,14 +1604,14 @@ field is independent of the path, and that it is proportional to the test charge
|
||||
We can thus define a function representing the work per unit charge and
|
||||
called the <b>electrostatic potential</b>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orgf933e40">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="org3ef5c63">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgd05772f">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org64452e8">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.21)</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
@@ -1627,7 +1627,7 @@ called the <b>electrostatic potential</b>
|
||||
\]
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<aside id="org845a4b1">
|
||||
<aside id="orge80f4ba">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
\(\phi\) carries as unit: Newton-meters per coulomb or joules per coulomb, which is called a <b>volt</b>.
|
||||
In the SI system where the ampere is a base unit, a volt is a \(kg m^2/s^3 A\).
|
||||
@@ -1644,14 +1644,14 @@ want; it's energy <i>differences</i> which matter).
|
||||
The potential difference between two arbitrary points \({\bf a}\) and \({\bf b}\) is
|
||||
well-defined without the need to specify the reference point,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="org0ec6e93">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orga3110e6">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p_diff"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_diff"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgdee1b1d">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgce58087">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.21)</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
@@ -1659,7 +1659,7 @@ well-defined without the need to specify the reference point,
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="orge61d020">
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="org823abb6">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
\[
|
||||
\phi({\bf b}) - \phi({\bf a}) = - \int_{\bf a}^{\bf b} {\bf E} \cdot d{\bf l}
|
||||
@@ -1676,14 +1676,14 @@ The reference point is typically put at infinity. The electrostatic potential c
|
||||
point charge \(q\) at the origin can then be calculated (taking for convenience \(d{\bf l} = \hat{\bf r} dr\),
|
||||
<i>i.e.</i> moving in purely radially) as
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="org2c16d69">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orgc6416c9">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p_pc"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_pc"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org3ec01fa">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org88dc3c9">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>FLS II (4.20,4.23)</li>
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.26)</li>
|
||||
@@ -1706,14 +1706,14 @@ point charge \(q\) at the origin can then be calculated (taking for convenience
|
||||
The electrostatic potential moreover inherits the superposition principle from the electric field,
|
||||
so for a distribution of point charges \(q_i\) at positions \({\bf r}_i\), we have
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="org9fcc73b">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orgf6a0a39">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p_pcd"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_pcd"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org0a5483b">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org71c84ec">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>FLS II (4.24)</li>
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.27)</li>
|
||||
@@ -1723,7 +1723,7 @@ so for a distribution of point charges \(q_i\) at positions \({\bf r}_i\), we ha
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="core div" id="org9717a3f">
|
||||
<div class="core div" id="org30c0dc5">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
@@ -1739,14 +1739,14 @@ so for a distribution of point charges \(q_i\) at positions \({\bf r}_i\), we ha
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For a continuous charge density in a volume \({\cal V}\), we have
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orge1909d9">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="org7c54222">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p_vcd"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_vcd"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org3c2604d">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org126bd66">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.29)</li>
|
||||
<li>PM (2.18)</li>
|
||||
@@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@ For a continuous charge density in a volume \({\cal V}\), we have
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="org2d8212f">
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="org80a3d58">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
@@ -1772,14 +1772,14 @@ For a continuous charge density in a volume \({\cal V}\), we have
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orgd4f6415">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orgab48631">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p_scd"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_scd"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="orgf9839b6">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org3d07738">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.30)b</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
@@ -1787,7 +1787,7 @@ whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="orgae40499">
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="org1b08b0e">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
\[
|
||||
\phi({\bf r}) = \frac{1}{4\pi \varepsilon_0} \int_{\cal S} da' \frac{\sigma({\bf r}')}{|{\bf r} - {\bf r}'|}
|
||||
@@ -1797,14 +1797,14 @@ whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="org339cb41">
|
||||
<div class="eqlabel" id="orga82f856">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<a id="p_lcd"></a><a href="./ems_es_ep_d.html#p_lcd"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
|
||||
<path d="M6.354 5.5H4a3 3 0 0 0 0 6h3a3 3 0 0 0 2.83-4H9c-.086 0-.17.01-.25.031A2 2 0 0 1 7 10.5H4a2 2 0 1 1 0-4h1.535c.218-.376.495-.714.82-1z"/>
|
||||
<path d="M9 5.5a3 3 0 0 0-2.83 4h1.098A2 2 0 0 1 9 6.5h3a2 2 0 1 1 0 4h-1.535a4.02 4.02 0 0 1-.82 1H12a3 3 0 1 0 0-6H9z"/>
|
||||
</svg></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org7a0dd61">
|
||||
<div class="alteqlabels" id="org4cd608c">
|
||||
<ul class="org-ul">
|
||||
<li>Gr (2.30)a</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
@@ -1812,7 +1812,7 @@ whereas for a surface or line charge distribution, respectively,
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="orgccdc426">
|
||||
<div class="main div" id="org6643378">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
@@ -1845,7 +1845,7 @@ target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div id="postamble" class="status">
|
||||
<p class="author">Author: Jean-Sébastien Caux</p>
|
||||
<p class="date">Created: 2022-02-15 Tue 10:14</p>
|
||||
<p class="date">Created: 2022-02-17 Thu 08:42</p>
|
||||
<p class="validation"></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user